management Back Forwards
Accounting: The Accounting equation & Balance Sheet
 

Assets

Assets are those resources held by the company in order to provide future financial benefits (reduced costs or improved revenues). Fixed assets are of long term benefit to the company and may be tangible (e.g. land, buildings, equipment) and offer benefits through their use to support trading activities, Investments (e.g. shares or loans invested else) which will attract financial returns, or Intangibles (e.g. goodwill, research and development, or brands (subject to strict rules)) which are expected to offer long-term benefits to the company. Current assets are of short term benefit (stock, debtors, and cash) which will recirculate in the course of trade.

 

Liabilities

Liabilities are outside claims other than those of the owners (and which have to be satisfied before the owners may lay claim on the residual assets - (A-L=S)). These claims may be long-term - due to be satisfied after more than one year (e.g. Long-term loans) or short-term - due to be satisfied within one year (e.g. payments due to trade creditors, overdrafts etc.).